Macro School — Regime Signal

Fortress

Maximum capital protection through regime awareness
Annual Return
7.6%
Sharpe Ratio
1.14
Max Drawdown
−16.8%
$100K → (2007–2025)
$405K
Model Overview

Maximum capital protection in any macro environment

The Fortress is Peregrine's most conservative strategy. It reads the same four macro indicators as Growth — credit stress, term structure, real yields, and price trend — but maps them to a more defensive allocation table, anchored by SPY and IEF (intermediate Treasuries) rather than QQQ.

The result is a strategy that has compounded at 7.6% annually since 2007 — growing $100,000 into $405,000 — with a maximum drawdown of just 16.8% and a Sharpe ratio of 1.14, the second-highest in the Peregrine lineup. Fortress trades absolute return for the smoothest ride: less volatility, smaller drawdowns, and the confidence that the regime signal is protecting capital when it matters most.

"I want to protect what I have built and still grow steadily."

Fortress is built for investors who have accumulated meaningful wealth and want to protect it. It trades lower absolute returns for dramatically smaller drawdowns — its Sharpe ratio of 1.14 means the returns it does deliver are remarkably efficient relative to the risk taken.

Start following Fortress allocations this month — 30 days free.

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Proven Results

The smoothest ride in the Peregrine lineup

The chart below shows the growth of $100,000 invested in Fortress, the S&P 500 (SPY), and a static 60/40 portfolio from January 2007 through December 2025 — a period that includes the 2008 financial crisis, the 2020 COVID crash, the 2022 bond and equity bear market, and two full bull cycles. Source: Peregrine_Canonical_Numbers.ipynb, single yfinance session.

Growth of $100,000 · January 2007 – December 2025
Fortress vs Benchmarks
Fortress ($405K)
SPY — S&P 500 ($691K)
Static 60/40 ($443K)

Model performance represents total returns including reinvestment of dividends and interest. No management fees, transaction costs, or taxes included. Backtested performance is not a guarantee of future results. Data sourced from a single yfinance session; numbers may differ slightly from other sources due to dividend treatment and resampling methodology.

Performance Metrics (2007–2025)

Strategy Annual Return Sharpe Ratio Max Drawdown Final Value ($100K)
SPY (S&P 500) 10.7% 0.61 −55.2% $691,000
Static 60/40 8.2% 0.71 −34.7% $443,000

Fortress does not try to beat the S&P 500 in absolute return — its 7.6% trails SPY's 10.7%. The value is in the path: a maximum drawdown of 16.8% versus 55.2%, and a Sharpe ratio of 1.14 versus 0.61. For investors with significant accumulated wealth, the ability to compound steadily without catastrophic drawdowns is worth more than chasing the highest possible return.

The Mechanism

How Fortress works

Fortress belongs to the Macro School and uses the same regime signal as Growth — reading credit stress, term structure, real yields, and price trend. The difference is what happens after the score is computed: Fortress maps it to a more conservative allocation table, holding less equity exposure at every regime level and favouring intermediate Treasuries (IEF) over Nasdaq (QQQ).

1

Read the four macro signals

Each month, the regime engine evaluates four conditions that drive global liquidity: credit stress (the spread between corporate and government borrowing costs), term structure (the slope of the yield curve), real yields (inflation-adjusted Treasury returns), and price trend (the broad equity market's position relative to its own history). Each signal contributes to a composite regime score.

2

Map the score to an allocation level

The composite score maps to one of several allocation levels in a proprietary lookup table. Higher scores produce moderate equity exposure through SPY, balanced with IEF for stability. Lower scores shift capital heavily toward GLD, TLT, and SHV. Even at the most favourable regime level, Fortress maintains a smaller equity allocation than Growth would at the same score. The allocation table was calibrated through historical analysis and validated out-of-sample.

3

Rebalance and hold until next month

On the last trading day of each month, the portfolio is adjusted to match the target allocation for the current regime level. In stable regimes, the allocation may not change for months at a time. During regime transitions — such as the shift from expansion to contraction in late 2007 or early 2020 — the model repositions decisively toward safety.

Rigorously validated out-of-sample

The Fortress configuration was finalised against development-period data through 2018, then validated on a completely separate out-of-sample period from 2019 through 2025. The Sharpe ratio of 1.14 held through the out-of-sample period. The strategy's conservative allocation table kept drawdowns contained through both the 2020 COVID crash and the 2022 bear market.

Asset Universe

The 5 assets in the Fortress universe

Fortress uses the same five-asset structure as Growth but swaps QQQ for IEF, trading aggressive equity upside for bond stability. The result is a universe that tilts defensive at every regime level — even in expansion, part of the portfolio is earning yield from intermediate Treasuries.

SPY
S&P 500
IEF
Intermediate Treasuries
GLD
Gold
TLT
Long Treasuries
SHV
T-Bills (Safe Haven)

Gold border indicates defensive/non-equity asset. The regime score determines how capital is distributed across these five assets each month. All trade commission-free at Fidelity, Schwab, IBKR, and most major brokers.

The Fortress Advantage

Why Fortress exists alongside Growth

Growth and Fortress read the same regime signal but serve different investors. Growth maximises return at the cost of a deeper drawdown. Fortress maximises the smoothness of the ride at the cost of lower absolute returns. Same intelligence, different risk appetite.

Shallowest drawdown of all four strategies

At 1.14, Fortress delivers exceptional return per unit of risk — nearly double the S&P 500's 0.61 — The slightly lower Sharpe than Growth (1.19) reflects the trade-off: Fortress accepts slightly less efficiency in exchange for an even shallower drawdown profile.

Works in any account, not just 401(k) plans

The name reflects its origin — designed for the fund constraints of employer plans. But the ETFs in this universe trade freely in any brokerage account. If you prefer a simpler, broader approach to momentum investing with fewer moving parts than SRM+, this model works equally well in IRAs and taxable accounts.

Diversified across size, style, and geography

The equity universe spans U.S. large cap, small cap, growth, value, and international developed markets. This style diversification means the model can rotate into whatever leadership regime the market rewards — growth in 2020, value in 2022, international in 2024 — without being locked into U.S. sectors alone.

Simpler to implement

Seven assets instead of twelve. The monthly rebalancing update takes roughly five to ten minutes. Fewer positions mean fewer trades, lower potential tax events in taxable accounts, and an easier conversation with yourself about what you own and why.

Subscriber Voices

What Fortress subscribers say

★★★★★
"I am 58 and ten years from retirement. Fortress lets me stay invested in equities without the stomach-churning drawdowns. The regime signal pulled me defensive before COVID hit — I was mostly in Treasuries and gold while the market fell 34%."
Carol D.
School administrator, Pennsylvania
★★★★★
"I switched from a target-date fund to Fortress two years ago. The target-date fund lost 18% in 2022. Fortress lost about 6%. Same time period, same market. The regime signal is the difference."
Michael H.
Physician, Massachusetts
★★★★★
"My wife and I run Fortress in our joint taxable account and Growth in our IRAs. Fortress protects the money we might need sooner. Growth compounds the money we won't touch for fifteen years. Two strategies, one regime signal."
Steven & Janet P.
Retired couple, Arizona
Suitability

Is Fortress right for you?

Fortress is built for investors who prioritise capital preservation, but like any systematic strategy it works best when you understand what you own and why you own it.

  • You have accumulated meaningful wealth and want to protect it while still outpacing inflation and bonds.
  • You want the smoothest possible equity curve among the four Peregrine strategies.
  • You have an IRA, Roth IRA, or taxable account with access to SPY, IEF, GLD, TLT, and SHV.
  • You can rebalance once a month — approximately 5–10 minutes at month-end following the dashboard update.
  • You prefer the Macro School approach and want a conservative expression of it.
  • You want to maximise long-run returns. Growth (11.5%) and SRM+ (12.8%) both compound faster at the cost of deeper drawdowns.
  • Your account doesn't offer access to IEF or TLT. Consider Core Momentum, which uses funds available in most employer plans.
Getting Started

Start following Fortress in three steps

1

Start your free trial

Visit the pricing page and begin your 30-day free trial. No commitment, no upfront charge. Immediate access to all four strategies including Fortress.

2

Get your first allocation

On the last trading day of each month the dashboard updates with the current regime score and target allocations across SPY, IEF, GLD, TLT, and SHV. Log in, check the weights, and update your holdings.

3

Stay the course

The regime signal handles the analysis. Your job is execution and discipline — following the monthly update without improvisation. The Saturday Briefing provides macro context between updates.

30-day free trial · $29/month after · All four strategies included

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Frequently Asked Questions

Fortress FAQs

What ETFs does Fortress use? +
The model selects monthly from a 7-asset universe: SPY (S&P 500), IJR (Small Cap), IWF (U.S. Growth), IWD (U.S. Value), EFA (International Developed), AGG (Aggregate Bonds), and SHV (T-bills) as the safe haven. Most employer plans offer index fund equivalents for each of these categories.
My 401(k) doesn't offer these exact ETFs. Can I still use it? +
Yes. The model uses ETFs as proxies for asset classes. If your plan offers a "Large Cap Index" fund, use it in place of SPY. A "Small Cap Index" replaces IJR. A "Growth Index" replaces IWF, and so on. What matters is matching the asset class, not the exact ticker. We provide a fund-matching guide for common providers like Fidelity, Vanguard, and Schwab.
The S&P 500 has a higher return. Why not just hold SPY? +
Fortress does not aim to beat SPY in absolute return — its 7.6% trails the index. The value is in the path: a maximum drawdown of 16.8% versus 55%, and a Sharpe of 1.14 versus 0.61. For investors with significant wealth, avoiding catastrophic drawdowns matters more than chasing the highest CAGR. Over a 20- to 30-year investing career, the strategy that keeps you invested through every bear market compounds better than the one that makes you capitulate once.
How is this different from SRM+? +
Fundamentally different mechanism. SRM+ and Core Momentum use price-based trend and momentum signals to rank assets. Growth reads macro indicators directly — credit conditions, the yield curve, real rates, and market trend — to determine allocation levels. The Momentum School follows price; the Macro School reads the environment that drives price.
Can I use this in a non-retirement account? +
Absolutely. The model works in any account type — IRAs, Roth IRAs, taxable brokerage accounts, HSAs with brokerage access, and 529 plans. Its compact universe and shallow drawdown make it particularly well-suited for investors who want systematic momentum exposure with minimal complexity.
How often does the portfolio change? +
The portfolio is evaluated monthly, but the rebalancing band means not every evaluation produces trades. In trending markets, the same holdings may persist for two to four months. During volatile transitions, rotation is more frequent. The smaller universe tends to produce slightly fewer trades per year than SRM+.
Is this investment advice? +
No. Peregrine Research provides educational content and systematic model portfolios for informational purposes only. We are not a registered investment advisor. Nothing on this site constitutes personalized investment advice. All investment decisions are solely your responsibility.
The information on this page is for informational and educational purposes only. Performance figures are derived from backtested data using historical ETF prices obtained via yfinance and do not represent actual trading results. Backtested performance does not guarantee future results. All returns shown are hypothetical and do not account for management fees, transaction costs, slippage, bid-ask spreads, or taxes, which would reduce performance. The Fortress strategy involves investing in ETFs and is subject to market risk, including the possible loss of all capital invested. Peregrine Research is not a registered investment advisor or broker-dealer. Nothing on this site should be construed as personalized investment advice. Consult a qualified financial professional before making investment decisions. All risks and costs associated with investing are your responsibility.